Defending Against Oxidative Onslaught: Photobiomodulation and Stem Cell Conditioned Media Safeguard Pheochromocytoma Cells

Abstract

This study investigates the protective effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and stem cell conditioned media (CM) on pheochromocytoma cells subjected to oxidative stress. Pheochromocytoma, a rare neuroendocrine tumor, is known to be highly susceptible to oxidative damage due to its elevated metabolic activity. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the progression and pathogenesis of pheochromocytoma, making it imperative to explore novel therapeutic approaches that specifically target this aspect of the disease. Photobiomodulation, utilizing low-level light therapy, and stem cell conditioned media, which contains factors secreted by stem cells, have emerged as promising strategies in mitigating oxidative stress and promoting cellular repair. This review examines the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of PBM and stem cell conditioned media on pheochromocytoma cells, focusing on their ability to modulate cellular signaling pathways, enhance antioxidant defenses, and promote cell survival. Understanding the mechanisms by which PBM and stem cell conditioned media safeguard pheochromocytoma cells from oxidative stress may provide valuable therapeutic avenues for improving the management of this challenging disease.